Recommendations for Black and White processes

X-Ray Film Processing Facilities

Radiographs are produced when X-ray film is processed. Most X-ray films have relatively thick silver halide emulsions coated on both sides of the base. They are designed for processing with short cycle times in roller transport machines, although manual processing is also possible.
The processing chemicals are more concentrated than other photographic types and consist of a water-based monochrome (black and white) developer and fixer.

Radiographs are predominantly used for medical diagnosis in hospitals, chiropractic clinics, dental surgeries and veterinary practices. They are also important for checking electronic components, aircraft structures and metal welding and casting quality.

On trade premises, it will be necessary for operators to apply for, and comply with, a ‘Consent to Discharge’.

Graphics Film Processing Facilities

Within the scope of the Coppice remit, Graphic Arts photo-processing operations are the pre-press activities involving the processing of film prior to use in the preparation of printing plates. This can be carried out by printing establishments themselves or on their behalf by third parties commonly referred to as 'Trade Houses'.

On trade premises, it will be necessary for operators to apply for, and comply with, a ‘Consent to Discharge’. This will contain the discharge from both graphics and photo processes if appropriate.

Microfilm Processing Facilities

On trade premises, it will be necessary for operators to apply for, and comply with, a ‘Consent to Discharge’.

Notes to the Code

Water consumption is as measured by the premises' incoming water meter or sub-meter to the process. If water recycling is used, the original volume used prior to recycling should be utilised to establish into which category the laboratory falls.

Exclusions from the Code

This code of practice is not intended to apply to businesses engaged in the use of reprographic photolitho, fast print shops, or printing.

It is not applicable where photographic and other imaging products are manufactured.

Any company whose business also uses non-photographic processes should apply the Code of Practice only to their photo-processing effluent